Dunajská Streda

Dunajská Streda is a district town in the southern Slovakia situated in the Trnava region in the Danube Lowland. It is situated approximately in the centre of the Rye Island /Žitný ostrov/. There is a holocaust memorial in the place of former synagogue in the centre of the town. There were two synagogues in the town, but they have not been preserved such as the so-called white monastery or the old cemetery. There is a Roman Catholic Church of Saint George from the 13th century in the town. There is also a thermal swimming pool with aquapark and wellness hotel with Japanese spa in Dunajská Streda.

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History

Dunajská Streda Dunaszerdahely; German: Niedermarkt) is a town in southern Slovakia (Trnavský kraj). Dunajská Streda is the most important town of the Žitný ostrov (Csallóköz) region. It has a Hungarian ethnic majority and its population is 23,562 (2004 census)

According to archeological evidence the territory was inhabited in the Neolithic, Bronze, Roman and Great Moravian period. The region was part of the arising Hungarian state since the late 10th century.

In the Middle and Modern Ages the settlement was a little market town in the southern part of Pozsony county and a commercial and administrative centre for the neighbouring villages. After 1808, after 1863, and in 1960 it was amalgamated with several smaller settlements.

The population of the town has been predominantly Hungarian at least since the late Middle Ages. The first detailed description of the territory of the town is a charter of King Charles I of Hungary from 1341 when the king gave the estate of Pókafölde to comes Tamás. In the middle of the 15th century Szerdahely became an oppidum, or market town. The first conscription of the population happened in 1574 (26 royal serf families and 3 noble families). The next conscription in 1646 indicates that most citizen were craftsmen. The town was under the feudal jurisdiction of the Pálffy family between 1600 and 1848. Many Jews came in the 18th century. In 1880 the town had 4182 inhabitants out of which were 3,531 Hungarian and 416 German by mother tongue. The number of the Jewish population was 1,874. In 1910 there were 4,679 Hungarian by mother tongue from a total 4,762. In 1930, the town had 5,706 inhabitants, including 2,944 Hungarians, 2,186 Jews (mostly Hungarian-speaking) and 503 Slovaks. According to the 2001 census, 18,756 Hungarians, 3,588 Slovaks, 353 Roma people, 147 Czechs and 24 Germans live in the city, meaning a Hungarian majority of over 80%, the one of the highest proportions of any municipality in the country.

In 1919 it became part of Czechoslovakia. It became part of Hungary again in the First Vienna Award in 1938, but was returned to Czechoslovakia in 1945 after World War II. In 1947-48 part of the population was forced to emigrate to Hungary according to the Hungarian-Czechoslovakian population exchange agreement.

During the communist era the town underwent rapid modernization and industrialization. Almost all of the old houses of the centre and 85% of the town-apartments were replaced with new ones. In the 1990s the centre of the town was totally rebuilt and revitalized according to the plans of Imre Makovecz, a Hungarian architect of the "Organic" school. Today, it is one of the centres of the Hungarian national minority in Slovakia and is the fastest growing city of southern Slovakia.

Source:www.en.wikipedia.org

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